The intellectual quotient is a figure that indicates the level of intelligence of a person from standardized tests.
This term is usually abbreviated with the acronym: IQ.
Most of the population has an IQ between 85 and 115 points, with the average of 100 points.
To obtain the IQ, some tests measure mental age, divide the result by chronological age and finally multiply it by 100. Other tests assign an average value of 100 points and use a standardized normal distribution with a standard deviation of 15 points.
IQ test
An IQ test is a standardized test whose objective is to measure the level of intelligence. These types of tests are usually used by professionals in fields such as health, education and human resources.
Two of the most used are the WAIS (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Adults) and the WISC (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children).
To obtain the total IQ, the WAIS focuses on four aspects: verbal comprehension , perceptual reasoning, working memory and processing speed.
There is some controversy about the possibility of measuring the level of intelligence of a person and what that implies. Despite the limitations that these types of tests may present, they can be useful in various fields such as pedagogy in both children and adults.
Borderline IQ
The IQ boundary or limit, abbreviated as IQB, is a value obtained by tests measuring intelligence and are below the average values of the population but above what is considered mental retardation.
Usually, a borderline IQ is between 70 and 85 points. However, to contextualize what borderline intelligence means, other factors such as the ability to adapt to the environment must also be considered.
It is also important to keep in mind that these values may vary depending on the scale or test used.
High IQ
An IQ is considered high when it is above average values. Within what is considered high, the different tests or scales identify different categories as intelligent, bright and gifted.
A high IQ means that a person has great abilities, some of them related to understanding and reasoning.